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Jiang Xue-Gong Shen Jian-Guo Liu Jing-Tao Chung Yong-Seung 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2003,3(2):191-212
By using observational data and MM5, an observational analysisand numerical study was conducted on the synoptic condition of a severe dust storm that was caused by a Mongolian cyclone whichoccurred from 6 to 8 April 2001. Results illustrated thatthe cyclogenesis was due to the isentropic potential vorticity (IPV) advection in the upper troposphere and the terrain modifiedbaroclinicity in the mid-lower troposphere. The Altai-Sayan complex of mountains blocked the lower level cold air and made the isentropic surface sharply steep. When the air slid down along the isentropic surface the increasing of baroclinicity anddecreasing of stability blew up the vertical vorticity development.The formation of the dust storm was a result of a cyclonic cold front passing across the area. The occurrence of this dust stormwas closely related to the strong surface wind, which was accompanied by a cold front passing, rather than the cyclogenesis, itself. Hence, the reason for the pre-front dust storm formulation was the formation of heating convection. Reasons behind the formation of a black storm (visibilitylower than 50 m), which occurred in the mid-north part ofInner Mongolia, lay in several aspects. Firstly, in thisarea the surface wind was strong, a direct result of thedownward transport in mid-lower troposphere. Secondly,the cold front passed over the effected area near sunsetso the air obtained much more surface heating to form adeeper mixed layer (ML). Thirdly, cooperation between thelower level wind and the terrain made the atmosphere inthis area and acquired the maximum advective contributionnecessary to form a deep post-front ML. The sensitivityexperiment revealed that surface heat flux was important to the frontal lifting. In addition, the forcing of surface heating wasalso seen as the primary forcing mechanism of frontogenesis. Meanwhile, removal of the surface heat flux made the atmosphericstratification became stable and the pre-storm ML very shallow,which weakened the strength of the dust storm. 相似文献
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西北地区沙尘暴引发的荒漠化问题 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
从西北地区继1993~1995年连续3a出现沙尘暴之后,1996年甘肃和内蒙古西部的阿盟等地再次遭到沙尘暴的袭击入手,分析了沙尘暴发生的原因,指出它归根结底是荒漠化的直接后果。概述了荒漠化的状况及危害,并分析了其成因。 相似文献
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James L. Clayton Walter F Megahan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1997,33(3):689-703
ABSTRACT: Natural rates of surface erosion on forested granitic soils in central Idaho were measured in 40 m2 bordered erosion plots over a period of four years. In addition, we measured a variety of site variables, soil properties, and summer rainstorm intensities in order to relate erosion rates to site attributes. Median winter erosion rates are approximately twice summer period rates, however mean summer rates are nearly twice winter rates because of infrequent high erosion caused by summer rainstorms. Regression equation models and regression tree models were constructed to explore relationships between erosion and factors that control erosion rates. Ground cover is the single factor that has the greatest influence on erosion rates during both summer and winter periods. Rainstorm intensity (erosivity index) strongly influences summer erosion rates, even on soils with high ground cover percentages. Few summer storms were of sufficient duration and intensity to cause rilling on the plots, and the data set was too small to elucidate differences in rill vs. interrill erosion. The regression tree models are relatively less biased than the regression equations developed, and explained 70 and 84 percent of the variability in summer and winter erosion rates, respectively. 相似文献
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侯祺棕 《中国安全科学学报》1996,6(3):1-5
矿山呼吸性粉尘危害程度评价法研究侯祺棕(武汉工业大学资源与环境工程系)[摘要]通过对矿山呼吸性粉尘实际危害程度评价法的研究,并经实例检验,推荐两种具有可操作性和足够准确的评价法,这对矿山呼吸性粉尘监测新技术的推广具有重要意义。[关键词]呼吸性粉尘,危... 相似文献
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焊接车间烟尘特性及治理措施 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
焊接生产会产生烟尘,焊接烟尘给人体带来的危害是比较严重的,焊接烟尘的治理方法有多种,合理选用可使焊接生产变成绿色环保型作业. 相似文献
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煤炭筛分系统在工作时产生的大量煤尘对环境造成污染,为解决这一问题,我们设计安装了两套煤炭筛分除尘系统,通过布袋式除尘器,把煤尘用布袋收集起来,解决了煤炭粉尘污染问题,通过三年的使用观察,效果非常明显。 相似文献
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